The U.S. compelled Nicaragua to accept a loan, and sent officials to ensure it was repaid from government revenues. D. Davis | Zelaya's elected successor, José Madriz, could not put down the rebellion as U.S. forces interfered, and in August 1910, the Estrada forces took Managua, the capital. Roosevelt's expansive use of executive power had been controversial; Taft proposed to continue his policies, but place them on more solid legal underpinnings through the passage of legislation. Perhaps he has waited long enough. Stimson | I am content to wait. William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930) was the 27th President of the United States (1909–1913) and later the tenth Chief Justice of the United States (1921–1930). Harding made no response, and Taft in a thank-you note reiterated the condition and stated that Chief Justice White had often told him he was keeping the position for Taft until a Republican held the White House. Präsident der USA und Oberster Bundesrichter, Taft war der einzige Präsident, der je einem professionellen Billardspieler die Chance gab, im Weißen Haus zu spielen. Many in Canada opposed an accord, fearing the U.S. would dump it when convenient as it had the 1854 Elgin-Marcy Treaty in 1866, and farm and fisheries interests in the United States were also opposed. He is the only person to have served in both of these offices. Coletta noted that this places Taft in good company, with James Madison, John Quincy Adams and McKinley. After his death, his funeral was the first presidential funeral to be broadcast over the radio. "William Howard Taft: A constitutionalist's view of the presidency. Gershengorn | In 1925, Taft began a fight to get the court a building, and two years later Congress appropriated money to purchase the land, on the south side of the Capitol. Taft lobbied for the western stone, and the matter was submitted to the Commission of Fine Arts, which supported Taft and Bacon. Aldrich | Taft wurde am 18. Bis heute ist er der Einzige, der diese beiden Ämter innehatte. This violated conflict of interest rules forbidding a former government official from advocacy on a matter he had been responsible for. Court, Governmental & Criminal Records. Bullitt | Taft continued the policy against immigration from China and Japan as under Roosevelt. Grover Cleveland (D, 1885–1889) | Biography - A Short Wiki The 27th president of the United States and 10th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who famously hated being president. [209], Taft is remembered as the heaviest president; he was 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) tall and his weight peaked at 335–340 pounds (152–154 kg) toward the end of his presidency,[210] although this later decreased, and by 1929 he weighed just 244 pounds (111 kg). [230] Lurie catalogued progressive innovations that took place under Taft, and argued that historians have overlooked them because Taft was not an effective political writer or speaker. [175] Taft later wrote, "Had he died in a hostile state of mind toward me, I would have mourned the fact all my life. Richards | "[224], Inevitably linked with Roosevelt, Taft generally falls in the shadow of the flamboyant Rough Rider, who chose him to be president, and who took it away. Gilbert | Bekanntheit erlangte die enorm große Badewanne, die Taft für sich im Weißen Haus einbauen ließ. Goode | [70] Roosevelt left office with regret that his tenure in the position he enjoyed so much was over and, to keep out of Taft's way, arranged for a year-long hunting trip to Africa. [92] The day of the summit, Frederick Russell Burnham and a Texas Ranger captured and disarmed an assassin holding a palm pistol only a few feet from the two presidents. WASHINGTON, D.C., March 8 — William Howard Taft died at 5:15 p.m. today. [40] Edith Roosevelt, the First Lady, disliked the growing closeness between the two men, feeling that they were too much alike and that the president did not gain much from the advice of someone who rarely contradicted him. Fried | [149] Taft's name was placed in nomination by Warren Harding, whose attempts to praise Taft and unify the party were met with angry interruptions from progressives. [19], Taft's federal judgeship was a lifetime appointment, and one from which promotion to the Supreme Court might come. Previous administrations had made efforts to promote American business interests overseas, but Taft went a step further and used the web of American diplomats and consuls abroad to further trade. Results 1-20 of 131,717. [41], Alternatively, Taft wanted to be chief justice, and kept a close eye on the health of the aging incumbent, Melville Fuller, who turned 75 in 1908. Some two dozen of Taft's opinions as a state judge survive, the most significant being Moores & Co. v. Bricklayers' Union No. The policy was unpopular among Latin American states that did not wish to become financial protectorates of the United States, as well as in the U.S. Senate, many of whose members believed the U.S. should not interfere abroad. Canadians turned Laurier out of office in the September 1911 election and Robert Borden became the new prime minister. It tended to neutralize anti-Catholic sentiments, especially in the Far West where Protestantism was a weak force. [197], United States v. Lanza[ac] was one of a series of cases involving Prohibition. James K. Polk (D, 1845–1849) | William Howard Taft Spouse: Helen Herron Taft (m. 1886–1930) Death date: March 8, 1930. Taft is generally listed near the middle in historians' rankings of U.S. presidents. Hierin erfüllte sich ein langer Traum Tafts. Royall, Merritt | When the court reconvened on January 6, 1930, Taft had not returned to Washington, and two opinions were delivered by Van Devanter that Taft had drafted but had been unable to complete because of his illness. Das große Ziel wurde erreicht, doch bei seiner Frau war der Stolz darüber viel stärker ausgeprägt als bei ihrem Mann. He was initially a firm supporter of President Coolidge after Harding's death in 1923, but became disillusioned with Coolidge's appointments to office and to the bench; he had similar misgivings about Coolidge's successor, Herbert Hoover. S. Cameron | The project went forward; Taft would dedicate the Lincoln Memorial as chief justice in 1922. Frierson | Wright | Taft, more quietly than his predecessor, filed many more cases than did Roosevelt, and rejected his predecessor's contention that there was such a thing as a "good" trust. Edit your search or learn more. Taft appealed personally to the Prince Regent, Zaifeng, Prince Chun, and was successful in gaining U.S. participation, though agreements were not signed until May 1911. Von 1890 bis 1892 fungierte er als United States Solicitor General; im Anschluss war er bis 1900 Richter am Bundesberufungsgericht des sechsten Gerichtsbezirks, das seinen Sitz in Cincinnati hat. [135], After the election, Roosevelt continued to promote progressive ideals, a New Nationalism, much to Taft's dismay. [66] Nellie Taft said regarding the campaign, "There was nothing to criticize, except his not knowing or caring about the way the game of politics is played. März 1909 bis zum 4. MacArthur felt the commission was a nuisance, and their mission a quixotic attempt to impose self-government on a people unready for it. Er amtierte vom 4. John F. Kennedy (D, 1961–1963) | [225] Yet, a portrait of Taft as a victim of betrayal by his best friend is incomplete: as Coletta put it, "Was he a poor politician because he was victimized or because he lacked the foresight and imagination to notice the storm brewing in the political sky until it broke and swamped him? Taft and other members of the court lobbied for the bill in Congress, and the Judges' Bill became law in February 1925. After becoming a lawyer, Taft was appointed a judge while still in his twenties. [33], McKinley was assassinated in September 1901, and was succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt. März 1930 in Washington, D.C.) war ein US-amerikanischer Jurist und Politiker der Republikanischen Partei. Stimson | "The Republican Party Convention of 1912 and the Role of Herbert S. Hadley in National Politics. Zachary Taylor (W, 1849–1850) | Balked on many policies by an unwilling Congress and courts in his full term in the White House, he saw manifestations of public support he believed would sweep him to the White House with a mandate for progressive policies that would brook no opposition. [160], With no pension or other compensation to expect from the government after leaving the White House, Taft contemplated a return to the practice of law, from which he had long been absent. Francisco | Woodrow Wilson (D, 1913–1921) | "[152] He made his doomed run to preserve conservative control of the Republican Party. William Howard Taft | John Adams (F, 1797–1801) | ", Schambra, William. Three days later, he became the first president to be buried at Arlington National Cemetery. After leaving office, Taft returned to Yale as a professor, continuing his political activity and working against war through the League to Enforce Peace. The new president stated in his inaugural address that he had been honored to have been "one of the advisers of my distinguished predecessor" and to have had a part "in the reforms he has initiated. Root made a crucial ruling, that although the contested delegates could not vote on their own seating, they could vote on the other contested delegates, a ruling that assured Taft's nomination, as the motion offered by the Roosevelt forces failed, 567–507. After a long illness William Howard Taft, at the age of seventy-two, died at his home in Washington, D.C., late in the afternoon of 8 March 1930. [217] Three days following his death, on March 11, he became the first president and first member of the Supreme Court to be buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Die Mutter, eine Kaufmannstochter aus Boston, riet später ihrem Sohn davon ab, sich um das Präsidentenamt zu bemühen. He made some speeches supporting the treaties in October, but the Senate added amendments Taft could not accept, killing the agreements. Murphy, John Jay | Taft noted that there is no restriction of the president's power to remove officials in the constitution. Such ties, Taft hoped, would promote world peace. Abraham Lincoln (R, 1861–1865) | He removed opponents, such as Louis Brandeis and University of Pennsylvania Law School dean William Draper Lewis (a supporter of the Progressive Party) from committees. [81] The Dingley Tariff had been enacted to protect American industry from foreign competition. Wood | Nevertheless, he wrote that he expected Taft to be renominated by the Republicans in 1912, and did not speak of himself as a candidate. [2] The Taft family was not wealthy, living in a modest home in the suburb of Mount Auburn. Proclamation 874—Opening Lands in the Flathead, Coeur d'Alene, and Spokane Indian Reservations. Forbes | Conrad | Somit ist er der erste – und bis heute einzige – Amerikaner, welcher Präsident und Oberster Richter der USA gewesen war. Yeater | Roosevelt had indicated he was likely to appoint Taft if the opportunity came to fill the court's center seat, but some considered Attorney General Philander Knox a better candidate. Before becoming President, Taft, a Republican, was appointed to serve on the Superior Court of Cincinnati in 1887. As it was too late in the semester for him to give an academic course, he instead prepared eight lectures on "Questions of Modern Government", which he delivered in May. In 1921, Harding appointed Taft chief justice, an office he had long sought. Fahy | Good | Jackson | Many of the lower courts had lengthy backlogs, as did the Supreme Court. Bryson | [g] Taft's opinion, in which he held that a pipe manufacturers' association had violated the Sherman Antitrust Act,[21] was described by Henry Pringle, his biographer, as having "definitely and specifically revived" that legislation. Im September 1906 ernannte ihn der Präsident vor dem Hintergrund der amerikanischen Kanonenbootpolitik für einen Monat zum provisorischen Gouverneur von Kuba, um eine drohende Revolution gegen Tomás Estrada Palma abzuwenden. [47], On both of his Philippine trips as Secretary of War, Taft went to Japan, and met with officials there. [20], According to historian Louis L. Gould, "while Taft shared the fears about social unrest that dominated the middle classes during the 1890s, he was not as conservative as his critics believed. McHenry | [24] As a federal judge, Taft could not involve himself with politics, but followed it closely, remaining a Republican supporter. Roosevelt | Butte | He argued that labor had a right to organize, but not boycott, and that corporations and the wealthy must also obey the law. Justice Sutherland wrote for the majority that the recently ratified Nineteenth Amendment, guaranteeing women the vote, meant that the sexes were equal when it came to bargaining power over working conditions; Taft, in dissent, deemed this unrealistic. [53] Roosevelt reluctantly deterred repeated attempts to draft him for another term. He is the only person in history to serve as both a U.S. President and Chief Justice. [109] In June 1911, the Democrat-controlled House of Representatives began hearings into United States Steel (U.S. Steel). Election fraud and corruption followed, as did factional conflict. [14], It is not clear when Taft met Helen Herron (often called Nellie), but it was no later than 1880, when she mentioned in her diary receiving an invitation to a party from him. [171] When Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany in April 1917, Taft was an enthusiastic supporter; he was chairman of the American Red Cross' executive committee, which occupied much of the former president's time. Some fact of William Howard Taft. William Taft remained devoted to his wife throughout their almost 44 years of marriage. [196], In 1925, the Taft Court laid the groundwork for the incorporation of many of the guarantees of the Bill of Rights to be applied against the states through the Fourteenth Amendment. [200] Taft saw nothing wrong with making his views on possible appointments to the court known to the White House, and was annoyed to be criticized in the press. Hitchcock was quick to bring in men closely allied with big business. "[176] Most commentators agree that as chief justice, Taft's most significant contribution was his advocacy for reform of the high court, urging and ultimately gaining improvement in the court's procedures and facilities. Dwight D. Eisenhower (R, 1953–1961) | [139] In February, Roosevelt announced he would accept the Republican nomination if it was offered to him. [108], Taft continued and expanded Roosevelt's efforts to break up business combinations through lawsuits brought under the Sherman Antitrust Act, bringing 70 cases in four years (Roosevelt had brought 40 in seven years). Taft followed through, removing most black office holders in the South, and made few appointments of African Americans in the North. Four or more generations of descendants of William Howard Taft (1857-1930) if they are properly linked: 1. Roosevelt was surprised at the replacement, believing that Taft had promised to keep Garfield, and this change was one of the events that caused Roosevelt to realize that Taft would choose different policies. [191], In 1922, Taft ruled for a unanimous court in Balzac v. Porto Rico. Booker T. Washington felt that most blacks should be trained for industrial work, with only a few seeking higher education; W. E. B. DuBois took a more militant stand for equality. ", John P. Campbell, "Taft, Roosevelt, and the Arbitration Treaties of 1911. [214], Taft insisted on going to Cincinnati to attend the funeral of his brother Charles, who died on December 31, 1929; the strain did not improve his own health. Pickering | [58] The issue of prohibition of alcohol entered the campaign when in mid-September, Carrie Nation called on Taft and demanded to know his views. Despite his personal ambition to become chief justice, Taft declined repeated offers of appointment to the Supreme Court of the United States, believing his political work to be more important. Taft died in 1987 at age 95 of pneumonia in a nursing home in Philadelphia. As the War Department administered the Philippines, Taft would remain responsible for the islands, and Elihu Root, the incumbent, was willing to postpone his departure until 1904, allowing Taft time to wrap up his work in Manila. Taft agreed with the need for conservation, but felt it should be accomplished by legislation rather than executive order. [172] In August 1917, Wilson conferred military titles on executives of the Red Cross as a way to provide them with additional authority to use in carrying out their wartime responsibilities, and Taft was appointed a major general. As this was prior to the adoption of the, 1889 Ohio Misc. Cass Gilbert had prepared plans for the building, and was hired by the government as architect. senator. [26] One of the reasons for his bitter break with Roosevelt in 1910–12 was Roosevelt's insistence that arbitration was naïve and that only war could decide major international disputes. Taft, at Roosevelt's advice, ignored the issue. Dearborn | Taft kept only Agriculture Secretary James Wilson and Postmaster General George von Lengerke Meyer (who was shifted to the Navy Department). [37], When Taft took office as Secretary of War in January 1904, he was not called upon to spend much time administering the army, which the president was content to do himself—Roosevelt wanted Taft as a troubleshooter in difficult situations, as a legal adviser, and to be able to give campaign speeches as he sought election in his own right. Charles Evans Hughes | [187] According to Anderson, Taft as chief justice "was as aggressive in the pursuit of his agenda in the judicial realm as Theodore Roosevelt was in the presidential". [90] There were a number of incidents in which Mexican rebels crossed the U.S. border to obtain horses and weapons; Taft sought to prevent this by ordering the US Army to the border areas for maneuvers. [163], Taft had been made president of the Lincoln Memorial Commission while still in office; when Democrats proposed removing him for one of their party, he quipped that unlike losing the presidency, such a removal would hurt. Roosevelt's sole remaining chance was with a friendly convention chairman, who might make rulings on the seating of delegates that favored his side. Taft felt, when he learned of this plan, that a short-term appointment would not serve the office well, and that once confirmed by the Senate, the memory of Day would grow dim. Five weeks following his retirement, Taft died on March 8, 1930, the same date as Associate Justice Edward Terry Sanford's unexpected death. May 22, 1909. William Howard Taft wurde am 15. William Howard Taft, father to 3 children, was born on September 15, 1857 in Cincinnati, Ohio. He worked to eliminate the backlog, while simultaneously educating himself on federal law and procedure he had not needed as an Ohio state judge. Davis | Edward Douglass White | [6] In 1878, Taft graduated second in his class of 121. Taft vetoed a bill to abolish the court, but the respite was short-lived as Woodrow Wilson signed similar legislation in October 1913. Taft wanted Filipino farmers to have a stake in the new government through land ownership, but much of the arable land was held by Catholic religious orders of mostly Spanish priests, which were often resented by the Filipinos. "[38][39], Between 1905 and 1907, Taft came to terms with the likelihood he would be the next Republican nominee for president, though he did not plan to actively campaign for it. [135] Roosevelt gave a series of speeches in the West in the late summer and early fall of 1910. Thacher | Lee | Taft sought reductions to trade tariffs, then a major source of governmental income, but the resulting bill was heavily influenced by special interests. [140] He was reluctant to oppose Roosevelt, who helped make him president, but having become president, he was determined to be president, and that meant not standing aside to allow Roosevelt to gain another term. Perlman | William Henry Harrison (W, 1841) | She was the last surviving child of William Howard Taft, her siblings having died in 1953 and 1983. William Howard Taft lived between 1857 and 1930, and was the 27th President of the United States as well as the country’s 10th Supreme Court Chief Justice. Seeing Roosevelt as the greater electoral threat, Wilson spent little time attacking Taft, arguing that Roosevelt had been lukewarm in opposing the trusts during his presidency, and that Wilson was the true reformer. "[155], Reverting to the pre-1888 custom that presidents seeking reelection did not campaign, Taft spoke publicly only once, making his nomination acceptance speech on August 1. [89], Nicaragua's president, José Santos Zelaya, wanted to revoke commercial concessions granted to American companies,[j] and American diplomats quietly favored rebel forces under Juan Estrada. William Howard Taft was the 27th President of the United States who served from 1909 to 1913. Er amtierte vom 4. William Howard Taft Facts William Howard Taft facts include the rumor that he got stuck in a White House bathtub because of his size. In den Weltkriegsjahren stand er als Präsident der 1915 gegründeten „League to Enforce Peace“ vor, die – konservativ ausgerichtet – für die Neugestaltung der internationalen Beziehungen nach Kriegsende (Internationaler Gerichtshof, Sanktionen, Konferenzen) eintrat. Taft met with Japanese Prime Minister Katsura Tarō. Britain at that time still handled Canada's foreign relations, and Taft found the British and Canadian governments willing. Anlässlich eines Dinners, zu dem die Tafts eingeladen waren, scherzte der Präsident, er könne in die Zukunft sehen und erblicke irgendetwas, das über Tafts kräftigem Haupt baumle. Lurton is still the oldest person to be made an associate justice. [29] The commission took executive power in the Philippines on September 1, 1900; on July 4, 1901, Taft became civilian governor. It is certainly not of itself a term of opprobrium even when bandied by the critics, but its use is too often confused with 'reactionary.' [132] The Commerce Court, created in 1910, stemmed from a Taft proposal for a specialized court to hear appeals from the Interstate Commerce Commission. "[176], When Wilson proposed establishment of a League of Nations, Taft expressed public support. To promote progressive ideals, a former government official from advocacy on a people unready for it joined the and. 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